Many of us, who are contemplating buying or selling real estate, are trying to predict the market and reduce our risk of making a bad financial decision.
A question is usually asked, "Is now a good time to buy or sell real estate, especially a residence?"
The simple answer is, "It depends." Allow me to explain...
Price Pressures
As everyone knows, due to changes in lending practices which make it harder for buyers to obtain a loan, there are fewer qualified buyers. Those buyers that are actively looking now have the luxury to take their time, believing that if they wait a little longer they may benefit from lower prices or another house coming on the market that is closer to their specification.
Investors, who were previously able to purchase and obtain loans with little or no money down, are now required to make significant down payments, which greatly restricts those who were speculating and making money solely off of the rapid appreciation of the property (and which forced some areas into hyper price escalation) that was not based on sound investment fundamentals.
As a result of the previous loose lending practices we are facing more foreclosures, mainly from owners and investors who never should have been given a loan in the first place, increasing the supply of houses for sale that are discounted (to quickly move them off the books of the loan organizations).
In addition, builders over the past several years were building more houses than the demand and eventually increased new homes for sale to about a year's worth of excess inventory. The number of people who are putting their home on the market has not drastically decreased to offset the excess inventory from overbuilding, foreclosures and longer selling lead times.
Rental rates, which have increased over the years, have either stabilized or decreased as those who have to vacate their home, because of new job location or retirement, are not able to sell; so their are renting to cover the mortgage, real estate taxes and other property costs, building up equity hoping the market will eventually improve and they can then sell. This increase of rental supply as well as willingness (or ability or need) to take less than the market price in order to entice renters has kept increases in rental rates at bay even though there are more people renting. This means that investors will tend to pay less for the purchase of a residential rental property because of the potential for limited or reduced revenue per property and they will not likely to realize gains in the short term from property appreciation.
At the same time, you have various other economic forces at work resulting in the weakening value of the dollar coupled with increasing energy costs, which tends to drive up prices over the long term.
Obviously, a decision to buy or sell should be determined in light of your total financial situation and preferably with advice of your financial and possibly even you legal advisors.
Given that you have concluded that your best option is to buy or sell, then when is the best time?
Most people can observe that the real estate residential real estate market has slowed -- prices in general (although not in all areas) are decreasing as the percentage of available homes sold are also decreasing. Some are believing there was a "bubble" that reached it's peak in 2005 and is nearing a bottoming out. Others see the "bubble" as an anomaly that has to be corrected over several years in order to bring it back on line with the average historical sales price that has always trended gradually upward.
It's important to understand that there are many variables to selling and buying house and you can never eliminate all risk. But you can help yourself to minimize your risks when buying and/or selling.
Assumptions
I'm making the following assumptions regarding market trends and pricing...
1. We are currently on a negative trend regarding pricing and length of time to sell (which will continue at least until excess inventory is sold).
2. Historically, over more than 100 years, average U.S. housing prices, while fluctuating, have gradually increased overall, which tends to correlate inversely to the declining buying power of the dollar. In that sense it can be seen as a long-term hedge against inflation.
3. While the growing size of the U.S. population will increase demand for property, the fact that property is finite and available land for development is shrinking will not dampen strong negative trends, but in the long-term should work to place upward pressure on real estate prices.
4. Properties, especially homes in which you live or commercial property out of which you work, that can be maintained within your budget are a good investment as they allow you over many years to build equity. In addition, you have the benefits derived from your personal use of the property that provides much qualitative value in addition to the quantitative value.
5. To get the maximum appreciation benefit out of a property, you should be prepared to hold on to it for ten or more years.
6. Buyer resistance results in falling prices that continue until they reach levels buyers are willing to pay (buyer support levels) which can be determined by looking at three fundamentals: price to income, replacement cost, and investment asset valuation.
7. First-time property buyers have the greatest advantages and potential gains in a falling (buyer's) market. While sellers are at a disadvantage in that market, they will more than likely gain it back if they are buying a property to replace what they are selling. In which case they will tend to at least break even on the total of both transactions.
8. Short of a major economic or worldwide catastrophe, any changes in real estate pricing will take place gradually over months and years. Therefore, once you know if the trend is up or down you can react in a reasonable time frame and not be overly concerned about quick fluctuations in price. You can therefore safely assume that, within a limited purchase window of one to three months, a property is reasonably priced for the current market.
The Basics
It now all goes back to focusing on the the basics under the guidance of a qualified and experienced real estate agent...
1. Is property reasonably priced for the area in which it is located and the conditions?
- In general, what is the market value of the property (ideally using 3 months or less sales figures for comparatives)?
- Do the three pricing fundamentals (price to income, replacement costs, investment asset valuation) confirm the market value?
- Sellers need to be aware of comparable properties currently for sale as that's their competition.
2. Can the buyer afford the property? (If primarily an investment, do the financial numbers work?)
3. Does the property fit most, if not all, of buyer's requirements (features, location, community, access to work, markets, etc.)?
4. Is the negotiated sales price reasonable for both sides?
- Determine your own and at least estimate the other side's breakeven point.
- Be aware of opportunity costs and potential benefits involved in the timing of a decision. (e.g., often it makes more financial sense to accept a price that is not our ideal in order to secure a sales contract sooner and minimize ongoing costs that will be avoided upon close of the transaction.)
5. Perform proper due diligence, inspections and transaction processing.
While in general I believe it is better to buy than rent, there are situations, such as not being in one area long enough to obtain any appreciation benefits or not sure if location is appropriate that it makes sense to first rent for a short period of time until you can determine appropriateness of purchasing property. (Click here for Renter Center and "Buy vs. Rent" calculators.)
NOTE: This is a overview look at the issues surrounding real estate markets and property prices. I will be expanding and further clarifying this topic in follow up articles.
Additional Resources:
Housing Price Index (OFHEO)
House Value Fundamentals
Housing Crisis Over, According to Wall Street Journal
Charts and Graphs:
Inflation Adjusted Historical Housing Prices
History of Home Values (NY Times)
Median and Average Sale Prices of New Homes
Historical Median Home Values (Census Bureau)
American Housing Survey (HUD / Census Bureau)
Depending on whether you are buying and/or selling a house, here are links to resources talking about the process I trust you will find helpful:
The Process of Selling Your Home
The Process of Buying Your Home
Visit my web site for additional real estate services and support: LawrenceYerkes.com [NJ/PA]
and visit Besthomes-NJ.com to find the latest New Jersey Real Estate property listings (Residential, Commercial, Multi-Family, Farm, Land).
Copyright 2008 by Lawrence Yerkes. All Rights Reserved.

Lawrence Yerkes